Reliable models of neutrino pion production on nuclei
In plain words
In the few-GeV range many neutrino collisions make a pion, often through a short-lived excited nucleon called the $\Delta$. Measurements from different experiments and the models used to describe them do not agree, especially for slow pions and small momentum transfers.
Precise statement
Construct a model of charged- and neutral-current single-pion production on 12C, 16O and 40Ar for $E_{\nu} = 0.5\ \text{to}\ 5\ \mathrm{GeV}$ that simultaneously reproduces MiniBooNE, MINERvA and T2K pion kinematic distributions, including the low-$Q^2$ suppression and the pion absorption and charge exchange in the nucleus. The answer must identify the physics (in-medium $\Delta$ properties, nonresonant background, final-state interactions, flux normalization) responsible for the inter-experiment tension.
What would settle it
A single model, constrained by pion electroproduction and hydrogen or deuterium neutrino data, that fits all nuclear-target pion data within quoted uncertainties.
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