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Radical-pair theory predicts such weak noise should only work if the electron spins stay correlated far longer than seems possible.","posed_since":"","precise":"Night-migratory songbirds reportedly lose magnetic orientation under broadband radio-frequency noise (reported from about $2\\,\\mathrm{kHz}$ up to about $85\\,\\mathrm{MHz}$, absent at $140\\text{-}150\\,\\mathrm{MHz}$) with magnetic amplitudes in the nanotesla range, about $10^{-5}\\text{ to }10^{-4}\\,\\mathrm{G}$. For a radical pair, a yield change of order 1 percent from a resonant field $B_{\\mathrm{rf}}$ requires $\\left(\\gamma_e B_{\\mathrm{rf}} T_2\\right)^2 \\sim 0.01$ with $\\gamma_e = 1.76 \\times 10^{7}\\,\\mathrm{s}^{-1}\\,\\mathrm{G}^{-1}$, giving $T_2$ of tens of microseconds or more at $B_{\\mathrm{rf}} \\sim 10^{-4}\\,\\mathrm{G}$ (heuristic estimate), far above computed relaxation times. An answer is a mechanism that reproduces the amplitude and frequency thresholds of the effect, within or outside the radical-pair picture, or a demonstration that the effect is not reproducible.","problem_ref":"9bf81c4beb0aa8d42b5d0fdc7c5fc732bf15caaf69084b2a121b03c759b25a39","references":"","settled_by":"Independent, blinded replications mapping the disorientation threshold versus RF frequency and amplitude, compared with a spin model that predicts that threshold curve.","status_note":"A 2023 PNAS study found no disruption above about 140 MHz, consistent with a predicted flavin radical-pair cutoff near 116 MHz; a 2026 J. R. Soc. Interface study found amplitude-modulated MHz fields disorient birds at lower amplitude than unmodulated ones and argued for a separate induction-based sensor.","title":"Why very weak radio-frequency noise disrupts the bird magnetic 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