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Computer models of salt water still fail to reproduce them without being fitted to them.","posed_since":"","precise":"For NaCl in water at 298 K and ambient pressure, compute from a molecular model not fitted to these data the solubility (measured about 6.15 mol/kg) and the mean ionic activity coefficient $\\gamma_{+-}(m)$ from 0.1 mol/kg to saturation within 5 percent, including the chemical potential of the crystal. An answer is a model and free-energy method meeting these targets that transfers to LiCl, KCl and $\\mathrm{CaCl_2}$ without refitting.","problem_ref":"2624be1c9ccdb4c449b8d8c515a775ec0c5869a2da048cee67a637e84ad1bcf3","references":"","settled_by":"Free-energy calculations with ab initio-quality or many-body polarizable potentials compared with tabulated activity and solubility data.","status_note":"","title":"First-principles prediction of salt solubility and activity in 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