{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"3a3b7ba25c34ff0bcb17c59ef137627548d46b886bacb76d0c02684b1087bd33","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":["ai:gpt-5.5"],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["32912012c57b8fe111d59964a78bb5ac3cdb8046183ce1c6815406683ee8686c","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"c93fc482198d30044e705cae59bd842ffd72d45f3b7c0984bab3223fdab50a98","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":["ai:gpt-5.5"],"external_id":"amo.casimir-dispersion-forces.massive-mirror-dce","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"A mirror shaken fast enough should turn vacuum fluctuations into real photon pairs, the dynamical Casimir effect. It has been seen with electrical circuits that act like a moving mirror, but never with a real massive object.","posed_since":"","precise":"A mechanical mirror or membrane forming one wall of an electromagnetic cavity, oscillating at frequency $\\Omega$ with amplitude $a$; photon pairs are created at the cavity mode $\\omega = \\Omega/2$ at a rate set by $(a \\Omega / c)^{2}$ and the cavity quality factor. Mechanical resonators reach $\\Omega/2\\pi$ of order $10^{9} \\text{ to } 10^{10}\\,\\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ only with tiny amplitudes. An answer is detection of photon pairs from a mechanically moving body with rate and two-mode squeezing matching theory, separated from thermal and parametric backgrounds.","problem_ref":"32912012c57b8fe111d59964a78bb5ac3cdb8046183ce1c6815406683ee8686c","references":"","settled_by":"A cryogenic measurement of photon pair emission from a GHz mechanical resonator coupled to a high-Q cavity, with correlations distinguishing it from thermal emission.","status_note":"The effect was observed with a SQUID-modulated superconducting transmission line acting as an effective mirror (Wilson et al., Nature 2011); no massive-mirror observation is known.","title":"Dynamical Casimir photon creation by a moving massive 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