{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"08e42809c8995d069f1b534590c60e555e38615faab6bd5611ca02136db0d666","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["2f4f7fc7592edc528f09f3507f75f797e4633e3325c10539b89e6f31d0754cc6","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"c4a7b0c29913b85d91254fc7ef151a51b948675bda8800b4b2c18fe665a70a6e","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"qft.confinement.adiabatic-continuity","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"contested","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"When one space direction is curled into a small circle, confinement can be computed by hand. Whether that calculation describes the same physics as ordinary uncurled space is unknown.","posed_since":"2008","precise":"Pure $\\operatorname{SU}(N)$ Yang-Mills on $R^{3} x S^{1}_L$ with a center-stabilizing double-trace deformation, or $N=1$ super-Yang-Mills with periodic fermions, confines semiclassically at small L via monopole-instantons and bions (Unsal and collaborators, 2007-2008). Determine whether the small-L regime is connected to the $R^4$ theory as $L \\to \\infty$ without a phase transition, so that the semiclassical mechanism is the 4D mechanism.","problem_ref":"2f4f7fc7592edc528f09f3507f75f797e4633e3325c10539b89e6f31d0754cc6","references":"","settled_by":"Lattice simulation of the deformed theory over the full range of L times the strong scale, showing analytic L-dependence of the string tension and order parameters, or identifying a transition.","status_note":"Lattice studies of $N=1$ super-Yang-Mills with periodic fermions found no transition; for deformed pure Yang-Mills continuity remains unproven (2025).","title":"Does small-circle semiclassical confinement connect smoothly to four 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