{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"c751e57bdd1ad20252c19a735b4a1244f3a5853ed444c3c268d5c4486ba5c0bc","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["b5a6eed4777c84a1bba368f984fc123270b9316dd4ad87ddd50aa6379d8d0ddd","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"ad8fbfc8b0cf10010251ff1668150b70426494e1c72aff038b4eeb13ec9dbc40","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"hep.grand-unification.force-unification","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"The strengths of the three forces change with energy and nearly meet near $10^{16}\\, \\mathrm{GeV}$. Whether they truly become one force is unknown.","posed_since":"1974","precise":"Determine whether SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) embeds in a simple group ($\\mathrm{SU}(5), \\mathrm{SO}(10), \\mathrm{E6}$) broken near $M_{\\mathrm{GUT}} \\sim 10^{15}\\ \\text{to}\\ 10^{16}\\,\\mathrm{GeV}$. In the SM the three couplings do not meet at a point; in the MSSM they meet at $\\sim 2 \\times 10^{16}\\,\\mathrm{GeV}$. An answer is an observation of a unification-specific effect such as proton decay with a branching pattern fixed by the group.","problem_ref":"b5a6eed4777c84a1bba368f984fc123270b9316dd4ad87ddd50aa6379d8d0ddd","references":"","settled_by":"Detection of proton decay in one or more channels with branching ratios matching a specific GUT.","status_note":"","title":"Do the SM gauge forces unify into a single group?","topic_ref":null},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"dcfbfff8a528e53d18d82d9a70f570e5dbbacdfb843f0c07bfc5702e298935cb","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"f6feaa5f8a899c281d5b6528066db9cacc9d572b1534e6cfa27c52e5f5e312fe","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"cEPIs8nnr6AuOMaUBGkC0CBS4grgK-kx7nqiyd9V-kkU9CtR6TjumaW9j1cuQw9YAfCd-ExAoWFqMIn-qcukCw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"dcfbfff8a528e53d18d82d9a70f570e5dbbacdfb843f0c07bfc5702e298935cb","leaf_index":3344}