{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"798b83930306cc6c9bae498dd5701d3a0b9968573cfb25a108e3f31f11b699c1","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["c3716a4f5f972ed80708ac02b371d4b64917b9bb898bae948e667dca97c0ccbe","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"9dc88acda5310d5e71416bd63417b290dbf1e65deeac666305987a6c01a74c25","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"value","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"bio.nucleation.ice-homogeneous-rate","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"partially-resolved","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"Pure water droplets can stay liquid well below 0 C because ice needs a seed to start. How fast ice appears on its own at very low temperature, and which form of ice appears first, is still uncertain.","posed_since":"","precise":"Determine the homogeneous ice nucleation rate $J(T)$ in pure $\\mathrm{H_2O}$ between about 230 and 240 K, where measurements by different techniques disagree by several orders of magnitude and simulations (seeding with TIP4P/Ice and similar models) depend on CNT-based extrapolation. Decide whether CNT with a temperature-dependent ice-water interfacial free energy $\\gamma(T)$ reproduces $J(T)$, and confirm whether the critical nucleus is stacking-disordered ice.","problem_ref":"c3716a4f5f972ed80708ac02b371d4b64917b9bb898bae948e667dca97c0ccbe","references":"","settled_by":"Mutually consistent measurements of J(T) by independent techniques and simulations with an accurate water model that reproduce them without fitted interfacial free energies.","status_note":"Seeding simulations reproduce measured rates within several orders of magnitude and indicate stacking-disordered critical nuclei; precise agreement is lacking (2026).","title":"Homogeneous ice nucleation rate of deeply supercooled water","topic_ref":null},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"fe2a5f4d5623e479adbf96c8ff4fe3e00efc42b89df2b40f324beb93d727772f","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"5a22cf78fefc01a3d1184de3ef18366b3b011ed1de22af3ac5080694dbdd9caa","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"KE2nM9eGBcBIn5ErltwpJhuFLuBTDc4d7onDG4zxbzDLqDoBIXCFgrg0j85MnOeyzZtMmtkpdHOFisIonUuRAA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"fe2a5f4d5623e479adbf96c8ff4fe3e00efc42b89df2b40f324beb93d727772f","leaf_index":2598}